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''Amos 'n' Andy'' is an American radio and television sitcom set in Harlem, Manhattan's historic black community. The original radio show, which was popular from the 1920s through the 1950s, was created, written, and voiced by two white actors, Freeman Gosden and Charles Correll, who played a number of different characters, including the titular Amos Jones (Gosdon) and Andrew Hogg Brown (Correll). When the show moved to television, black actors took over the majority of the roles; white characters were infrequent. ''Amos 'n' Andy'' began as one of the first radio comedy series and originated from station WMAQ in Chicago. After the first broadcast in 1928, the show became a hugely popular radio series. Early episodes were broadcast from the El Mirador Hotel in Palm Springs, California.〔 ((here for Table of Contents ))〕 The show ran as a nightly radio serial (1928–43), as a weekly situation comedy (1943–55), and as a nightly disc-jockey program (1954–60). A television adaptation ran on CBS (1951–53) and continued in syndicated reruns (1954–66). It would not be shown to a nationwide audience again until 2012.〔 ==Origins== ''Amos 'n' Andy'' creators, Gosden and Correll, were white actors familiar with minstrel traditions. They met in Durham, North Carolina,〔 in 1920. Both men had some scattered experience in radio, but it was not until 1925 that the two appeared on Chicago's WQJ.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=WQJ History )〕 Their appearances soon led to a regular schedule on another Chicago radio station, WEBH, where their only compensation was a free meal.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=WEBH History )〕 The pair hoped that the radio exposure would lead to stage work; they were able to sell some of their works to local bandleader Paul Ash,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Paul Ash )〕 which brought them enough name recognition to be offered jobs at the ''Chicago Tribunes station WGN in 1925. The lucrative offer allowed them to become full-time broadcasters. The Victor Talking Machine Company also offered them a recording contract.〔 Since the ''Tribune'' syndicated Sidney Smith's popular comic strip ''The Gumps'', which had successfully introduced the concept of daily continuity, WGN executive Ben McCanna thought a serialized version would work on radio. He suggested that Gosden and Correll adapt ''The Gumps'' for radio. The idea seemed to involve more risk than either Gosden or Correll was willing to take; neither was adept at imitating female voices, which would have been necessary for ''The Gumps''. They were also conscious of having made names for themselves with their previous act. By playing the roles of characters doing dialect, they would be able to conceal their identities enough to be able to return to their old pattern of entertaining if the radio show was a failure.〔 Instead, they proposed a series about "a couple of colored characters", which, nevertheless, borrowed certain elements from ''The Gumps''. Their new show, ''Sam 'n' Henry'', began on January 12, 1926, and fascinated radio listeners throughout the Midwest. It became so popular that, in 1927, Gosden and Correll requested that it be distributed to other stations on phonograph records in a "chainless chain" concept that would have been the first radio syndication. When WGN rejected the proposal, Gosden and Correll quit the show and the station; their last musical program for WGN was announced in the ''Chicago Daily Tribune'' on January 29, 1928).〔"W-G-N radio program". ''Chicago Daily Tribune'', January 29, 1928.〕 Episodes of ''Sam 'n' Henry'' continued to be aired until July 14, 1928.〔"W-G-N radio program". ''Chicago Daily Tribune'', July 14, 1928.〕 Correll's and Gosden's characters contractually belonged to WGN, so, when they left WGN, the pair performed in personal appearances but could not use the character names from the radio show.〔 WMAQ, the ''Chicago Daily News'' station, hired Gosden and Correll and their former WGN announcer, Bill Hay, to create a series similar to ''Sam 'n' Henry''. They offered higher salaries than WGN and the right to pursue the "chainless chain" syndication idea. The creators later said that they named the characters, Amos and Andy, after hearing two elderly African-Americans greet each other by those names in a Chicago elevator. ''Amos 'n' Andy'' began on March 19, 1928〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Tom Gootee's History of WMAQ-Chapter 12 )〕 on WMAQ, and prior to airing each program they recorded their show on 78 rpm discs at Marsh Laboratories, operated by electrical recording pioneer Orlando R. Marsh.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Amos 'n' Andy Illustrated )〕 Early 1930s broadcasts of the show were done from the El Mirador Hotel in Palm Springs, California. For the program's entire run as a nightly series, Gosden and Correll provided over 170 male voice characterizations in the show's first decade. With the episodic drama and suspense heightened by cliffhanger endings, ''Amos 'n' Andy'' reached an ever-expanding radio audience. It was the first radio program to be distributed by syndication in the United States, and, by the end of the syndicated run in August 1929, at least 70 stations besides WMAQ carried recorded episodes.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Amos 'n' Andy」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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